How Many Animals Die Every Min From Animal Testing

Each year, more than than 100 million animals—including mice, rats, frogs, dogs, cats, rabbits, hamsters, guinea pigs, monkeys, fish, and birds—are killed in U.S. laboratories for biological science lessons, medical grooming, curiosity-driven experimentation, and chemical, drug, nutrient, and cosmetics testing. Before their deaths, some are forced to inhale toxic fumes, others are immobilized in restraint devices for hours, some have holes drilled into their skulls, and others take their skin burned off or their spinal cords crushed. In addition to the torment of the actual experiments, animals in laboratories are deprived of everything that is natural and important to them—they are confined to barren cages, socially isolated, and psychologically traumatized. The thinking, feeling animals who are used in experiments are treated like nothing more than disposable laboratory equipment.

Creature Experiments Are Wasteful and Unreliable

A Pew Enquiry Center poll found that 52 percentage of U.S. adults oppose the use of animals in scientific research, and other surveys suggest that the shrinking group that does accept animate being experimentation does so merely because it believes information technology to be necessary for medical progress.^v,6 The majority of animal experiments do non contribute to improving human being health, and the value of the part that animal experimentation plays in most medical advances is questionable.

In an commodity published in The Journal of the American Medical Association, researchers constitute that medical treatments adult in animals rarely translated to humans and warned that "patients and physicians should remain cautious about extrapolating the finding of prominent fauna research to the care of human illness … poor replication of even high-quality animal studies should be expected by those who bear clinical research."^seven

Diseases that are artificially induced in animals in a laboratory, whether they be mice or monkeys, are never identical to those that occur naturally in human beings. And because animate being species differ from 1 another biologically in many significant ways, it becomes even more unlikely that animal experiments will yield results that will be correctly interpreted and applied to the man condition in a meaningful mode.

For example, according to old National Cancer Constitute Director Dr. Richard Klausner, "We take cured mice of cancer for decades, and it simply didn't work in humans."⁸ This determination was echoed by former National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director Dr. Elias Zerhouni, who acknowledged that experimenting on animals has been a boondoggle. "Nosotros accept moved away from studying homo disease in humans," he said. "We all drank the Kool-Assistance on that one, me included. … The problem is that it hasn't worked, and it's time we stopped dancing around the problem. … Nosotros demand to refocus and accommodate new methodologies for use in humans to understand disease biology in humans."^ix

The information is sobering: Although at least 85 HIV/AIDS vaccines have been successful in nonhuman primate studies, as of 2015, every one has failed to protect humans.^ten In ane case, an AIDS vaccine that was shown to be constructive in monkeys failed in homo clinical trials considering it did not prevent people from developing AIDS, and some believe that it made them more susceptible to the illness. Co-ordinate to a report in the British paper The Contained, ane conclusion from the failed written report was that "testing HIV vaccines on monkeys earlier they are used on humans, does non in fact work."¹¹

These are not anomalies. The National Institutes of Health has stated, "Therapeutic development is a plush, complex and time-consuming process. The boilerplate length of time from target discovery to blessing of a new drug is about fourteen years. The failure rate during this process exceeds 95 per centum, and the cost per successful drug can be $i billion or more than."¹²

Research published in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine revealed that universities normally exaggerate findings from brute experiments conducted in their laboratories and "often promote research that has uncertain relevance to human wellness and do not provide fundamental facts or acknowledge important limitations."¹³ I study of media coverage of scientific meetings concluded that news stories frequently omit crucial information and that "the public may be misled near the validity and relevance of the science presented."^xiv Because experimenters rarely publish results of failed fauna studies, other scientists and the public do non accept gear up access to information on the ineffectiveness of creature experimentation.

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Funding and Accountability

Through their taxes, charitable donations, and purchases of lottery tickets and consumer products, members of the public are ultimately the ones who—knowingly or unknowingly—fund brute experimentation. 1 of the largest sources of funding comes from publicly funded government granting agencies such as NIH. Approximately 47 percent of NIH-funded research involves experimentation on animals, and in 2020, NIH budgeted nearly $42 billion for enquiry and evolution.^15,16 In addition, many charities––including the March of Dimes, the American Cancer Society, and countless others—use donations to fund experiments on animals. I-third of the projects funded by the National Multiple Sclerosis Lodge involve animal experimentation.¹⁷

Despite the vast amount of public funds existence used to underwrite brute experimentation, it is nearly impossible for the public to obtain current and complete information regarding the animal experiments that are being carried out in their communities or funded with their taxation dollars. State open-records laws and the U.S. Freedom of Information Human activity can be used to obtain documents and data from state institutions, government agencies, and other federally funded facilities, but private companies, contract labs, and animate being breeders are exempt. In many cases, institutions that are subject to open-records laws fight vigorously to withhold information about animal experimentation from the public.^eighteen

Oversight and Regulation

Despite the countless animals killed each year in laboratories worldwide, most countries have grossly inadequate regulatory measures in place to protect animals from suffering and distress or to prevent them from being used when a non-animal approach is readily available. In the U.S., the species nearly commonly used in experiments (mice, rats, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians) comprise 99% of all animals in laboratories simply are specifically exempted from even the minimal protections of the federal Animal Welfare Act (AWA).^nineteen,20 Many laboratories that use but these species are not required by law to provide animals with pain relief or veterinary intendance, to search for and consider alternatives to beast use, to have an institutional committee review proposed experiments, or to be inspected by the U.S. Department of Agronomics (USDA) or whatever other entity. Some estimates indicate that as many every bit 800 U.S. laboratories are not subject area to federal laws and inspections considering they experiment exclusively on mice, rats, and other animals whose use is largely unregulated.²¹

As for the more than 11,000 facilities that the USDA does regulate (of which more than 1,200 are designated for "research"), but 120 USDA inspectors are employed to oversee their operations.²² Reports have repeatedly concluded that fifty-fifty the minimal standards ready along by the AWA are not being met by these facilities, and institutionally based oversight bodies, called Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees (IACUCs), have failed to deport out their mandate. A 1995 written report past the USDA's Role of the Inspector General (OIG) "plant that the activities of the IACUCs did not ever run into the standards of the AWA. Some IACUCs did not ensure that unnecessary or repetitive experiments would not be performed on laboratory animals."²³ In 2000, a USDA survey of the agency's laboratory inspectors revealed serious issues in numerous areas, including "the search for alternatives [and] review of painful procedures."²⁴ A September 2005 audit report issued by the OIG found ongoing "problems with the search for alternative research, veterinary intendance, review of painful procedures, and the researchers' apply of animals."²⁵ In December 2014, an OIG study documented continuing issues with laboratories failing to comply with the minimal AWA standards and the USDA's weak enforcement actions declining to deter future violations. The audit highlighted that from 2009 to 2011, USDA inspectors cited 531 experimentation facilities for 1,379 violations stemming from the IACUCs' failure to adequately review and monitor the utilize of animals. The audit besides adamant that in 2012, the USDA reduced its penalties to AWA violators past an average of 86 pct, even in cases involving animal deaths and egregious violations.²⁶

Enquiry co-authored by PETA documented that, on boilerplate, beast experimenters and laboratory veterinarians comprise a combined 82 percentage of the membership of IACUCs at leading U.South. institutions. A whopping 98.6 pct of the leadership of these IACUCs was also made up of animal experimenters. The authors observed that the ascendant role played by animal experimenters on these committees "may dilute input from the few IACUC members representing brute welfare and the general public, contribute to previously-documented committee bias in favor of blessing animal experiments and reduce the overall objectivity and effectiveness of the oversight organization."²⁷ Even when facilities are fully compliant with the law, animals who are covered can be burned, shocked, poisoned, isolated, starved, forcibly restrained, fond to drugs, and brain-damaged. No procedures or experiments, regardless of how trivial or painful they may be, are prohibited by federal police. When valid non-animate being inquiry methods are available, no federal law requires experimenters to use such methods instead of animals.

Alternatives to Animal Testing

A high-profile study published in the prestigious BMJ (formerly British Medical Journal) documenting the ineffectiveness and waste of experimentation on animals concluded that "if inquiry conducted on animals continues to be unable to reasonably predict what can exist expected in humans, the public's continuing endorsement and funding of preclinical creature research seems misplaced."²⁸

Research with man volunteers, sophisticated computational methods, and in vitro studies based on human cells and tissues are critical to the advocacy of medicine. Cutting-edge non-creature research methods are available and have been shown time and over again to be more than accurate than rough animal experiments.²⁹ Even so, this modern enquiry requires a different outlook, one that is creative and compassionate and embraces the underlying philosophy of ethical science. Human wellness and well-existence can also be promoted past adopting nonviolent methods of scientific investigation and concentrating on the prevention of disease before it occurs, through lifestyle modification and the prevention of further environmental pollution and degradation. The public is condign more enlightened and more song about the cruelty and inadequacy of the current research system and is enervating that taxation dollars and charitable donations not exist used to fund experiments on animals.

History of Animal Testing

PETA created "Without Consent"—an interactive timeline featuring almost 200 stories of animal experiments from the past century—to open people's eyes to the long history of suffering that's been inflicted on nonconsenting animals in laboratories and to challenge people to rethink this exploitation. Visit "Without Consent" to learn more about harrowing animal experiments throughout history and how you can help create a ameliorate future for living, feeling beings.

Without Consent

You Can Help Stop Animal Testing

About all federally funded research is paid for with your tax dollars. Your lawmakers needs to know that yous don't want your coin used to pay for brute experiments.

Urge your members of Congress to endorse PETA's Research Modernization Bargain, which provides a roadmap for modernizing U.S. investment in research by ending funding for useless experiments on animals and investing in effective research that'southward relevant to humans.

Take Activity

Non a U.S. Resident? Accept Action Hither

Animal Testing Facts and Figures

U.s. (2019)^1,2

• Almost ane 1000000 animals are held captive in laboratories or used in experiments (excluding rats, mice, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and agronomical animals used in agricultural experiments), plus an estimated 100 million mice and rats

Canada (2020)³

• 5.07 one thousand thousand animals used in experiments
• 94,543 animals subjected to "severe pain most, at, or above the pain tolerance threshold of unanesthetized conscious animals"

United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland(2021)⁴

• 3.06 meg procedures on animals
• Of the 1.9 meg experiments completed, 149,917 were assessed as "severe," including "long-term illness processes where assistance with normal activities such every bit feeding and drinking are required or where significant deficits in behaviours/activities persist."

References

¹Animal and Plant Wellness Inspection Service, U.Southward. Department of Agriculture, "Annual Report Brute Usage by Fiscal Year: Full Number of Animals Research Facilities Used in Regulated Activities (Column B)" and "Annual Report Animal Usage past Fiscal Yr: Full Number of Animals Research Facilities used in Regulated Activities (Column F)," 27 Apr. 2021.
²Madhusree Mukerjee, "Speaking for the Animals: A Veterinarian Analyzes the Turf Battles That Have Transformed the Animal Laboratory," Scientific American, Aug. 2004.
³Canadian Quango on Animal Intendance,"CCAC 2020 Animal Information Study," 2021
⁴ U.K. Government, "Annual Statistics of Scientific Procedures on Living Animals, Uk 2021," Dwelling house Office, thirty June 2022.
^fiveCary Funk and Meg Hefferon, "Nearly Americans Accept Genetic Engineering of Animals That Benefits Human Health, but Many Oppose Other Uses," Pew Research Centre, 16 Aug. 2018
⁶Peter Aldhous and Andy Coghlan, "Permit the People Speak," New Scientist 22 May 1999.
^viiDaniel Grand. Hackam, M.D., and Donald A. Redelmeier, M.D., "Translation of Enquiry Evidence From Animals to Human," The Journal of the American Medical Clan 296 (2006): 1731-two.
⁸Marlene Simmons et al., "Cancer-Cure Story Raises New Questions," Los Angeles Times 6 May 1998.
^nineRich McManus, "Ex-Managing director Zerhouni Surveys Value of NIH Research," NIH Record 21 June 2013.
^tenJarrod Bailey, "An Assessment of the Role of Chimpanzees in AIDS Vaccine Inquiry," Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 36 (2008): 381-428.
¹¹Steve Connor and Chris Green, "Is It Time to Give up the Search for an AIDS Vaccine?" The Contained 24 Apr. 2008.
¹²National Institutes of Wellness, "Well-nigh New Therapeutic Uses," National Centre for Advancing Translational Sciences 9 Oct. 2019.
¹³Steve Woloshin, M.D., M.Southward., et al., "Printing Releases past Academic Medical Centers: Not So Academic?" Annals of Internal Medicine 150 (2009): 613-8.
¹⁴Steven Woloshin and Lisa Schwartz, "Media Reporting on Research Presented at Scientific Meetings: More Caution Needed," The Medical Journal of Australia 184 (2006): 576-lxxx.
¹⁵Diana E. Pankevich et afifty., "International Animal Research Regulations: Impact on Neuroscience Research," The National Academies (2012).
^xviNational Institutes of Health, "Budget," (last accessed on 3 May 2021).
¹⁷Pankevich et al.
¹⁸Deborah Ziff, "On Campus: PETA Sues UW Over Access to Enquiry Records," Wisconsin State Journal 5 April. 2010.
¹⁹U.Southward. Section of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, "Animal Welfare, Definition of Animal," Federal Register, 69 (2004): 31513-iv.
²⁰Justin Goodman et al., "Trends in Brute Use at US Inquiry Facilities," Journal of Medical Ethics 0(2015): 1-3.
²¹The Associated Press, "Beast Welfare Act May Not Protect All Critters," 7 May 2002.
²²U.Due south. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Institute Wellness Inspection Service, "Animal Care: Search."
²³U.S. Department of Agronomics, Function of Inspector Full general, "APHIS Animal Care Program, Inspection and Enforcement Activities," audit report, 30 Sept. 2005.
²⁴U.South. Section of Agriculture, Animal and Found Health Inspection Service, "USDA Employee Survey on the Effectiveness of IACUC Regulations," Apr. 2000.
²⁵U.S. Section of Agriculture, Role of Inspector Full general, "APHIS Animal Intendance Program, Inspection and Enforcement Activities," audit study, 30 Sept. 2005.
²⁶U.Southward. Department of Agriculture, Office of Inspector General, "Animal and Constitute Health Inspection Service Oversight of Enquiry Facilities," audit report, Dec. 2014.
²⁷Lawrence A. Hansen et al., "Analysis of Animal Research Ethics Committee Membership at American Institutions," Animals ii (2012): 68-75.
²⁸Pandora Pound and Michael Bracken, "Is Beast Enquiry Sufficiently Evidence Based To Be A Cornerstone of Biomedical Research?," BMJ (2014): 348.
²⁹Junhee Seok et al., "Genomic Responses in Mouse Models Poorly Mimic Homo Inflammatory Diseases," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110 (2013): 3507-12.

Source: https://www.peta.org/issues/animals-used-for-experimentation/animals-used-experimentation-factsheets/animal-experiments-overview/

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